Performance Optimization of Hybrid Solar–Wind Power Systems for Urban Microgrids
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63891/j-mart.v2i1.121Keywords:
Microgrid, Photovoltaic, Wind, Battery, OptimizationAbstract
Urban microgrids are increasingly deployed to improve electricity reliability and resilience while supporting low-carbon energy transitions in cities. However, integrating variable renewable sources in dense urban environments is challenging because generation intermittency, limited siting potential, and strict reliability expectations must be balanced against lifecycle cost. This study aimed to optimize the performance of a hybrid solar and wind power system for an urban microgrid by jointly evaluating economic, reliability, and renewable contribution objectives. A quantitative simulation-based design was applied using hourly time-series inputs for solar resource, wind resource, and urban load demand over a one-year horizon. System components, including photovoltaic generation, wind generation, and battery energy storage, were modeled with operational constraints such as power balance and battery state-of-charge limits. A multi-objective optimization approach was implemented to identify non-dominated system configurations by minimizing lifecycle economic indicators and reliability loss while increasing renewable energy contribution. The results produced a set of Pareto-optimal solutions that revealed a consistent trade-off between cost and reliability: configurations with improved reliability achieved lower loss of power supply probability and reduced unmet load but required larger generation and storage capacities, leading to higher levelized cost of electricity and net present cost. Selected optimal solutions showed renewable energy contribution increasing from 68 percent to 87 percent across the Pareto range, while estimated annual emissions decreased from 182 to 108 tons of carbon dioxide per year. Compared with single-source renewable designs, hybrid configurations provided more balanced outcomes by leveraging complementary resource characteristics and reducing the need for extreme oversizing. Overall, the study concludes that multi-objective optimization offers a practical decision framework for selecting hybrid solar–wind microgrid designs that meet urban reliability targets while maintaining competitive lifecycle cost and improved environmental performance.
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